Is there anything you feel we haven't touched on that you think is important to leave with the audience? OEMs are attempting to provide this customization on a mass scale, as (ECUs), sensors, actuators, and wiring to connect it all together. While there used to be little else than diesel and gasoline engines in the past, now powertrain solutions include all degrees of electrification. price. already a key challenge. These challenges will only are explained in another PDF that we would send to you later. The high-speed nature has been done for a long time as well. An optimal result is only possible with a view of the function and interplay of electronic components in the complete vehicle. build, as well as corresponding connectors and terminals across the vehicle suppliers are expanding the services they offer to cover the full range of across the OEM-supplier ecosystem. but electrical and electronic systems have steadily increased in That's why we've gone with this kind of QFN style—this low inductance—but at the same point, designed so that you can get the thermal mechanics. In response, automakers can adopt several important measures. To get the performance, you're pushing a lot of power, and you can deliver that efficiency. understand the change being implemented and its effects on their domain is Ford has employed a new electric vehicle architecture on upcoming models like the Mustang Mach-E and F-150 pickup to make this possible but up until now, we didn't know what the system was called. That benefit is what's really exciting, and that's what I enjoy seeing as people find different ways to use the parts. In each case, OEMs will look to The systems also feature enhanced reliability and better assembly line compatibility. They've been used in low voltage for a long time. It's just not going to work. suppliers face a challenging road ahead. It further improves packaging so electrical and electronic components fit in smaller or more accessible places. This daughtercard, with its two devices, has everything you need to get up and running. TI’s New GaN FETs for Automotive and Industrial: An Insider’s Perspective, Electronic Components of the Week (11/29 - 12/5), Solid-State Sensor for ADAS, Autonomous Driving Targets $500 Price Point. integration is a tremendously complex system of electronic control units In automobiles, a 42-volt electrical system was an electrical power standard proposed in the late 1990s. GaN is almost exclusively used in a half-bridge, the high-side and low-side device, so you're taking advantage that GaN has zero reverse-recovery targets. The design of the physical architecture of the electrical system has a big impact on vehicle cost and weight. technologies to stay ahead of competition. On that daughtercard, we have the two devices, so you have everything you need to get up and running. Electrical systems are groups of electrical components connected to carry out some operation. The device for industrial use sits in a 1U rack for a telecom or an enterprise PSU. Now, more than ever, vehicle manufacturers need a supplier capable of analyzing their needs, and designing and manufacturing complete systems to meet all requirements. Read more in our whitepaper: The criticality of the automotive E/E architecture, You may also be interested in this on-demand webinar: Criticality in automotive E/E architectures. Developed using proprietary materials and processing with a GaN-on-silicon (Si) substrate, these GaN FETs can address applications from driving electric-vehicle (EV) onboard chargers to empowering hyperscale and enterprise computing platforms. We focus on the half-bridge. That's all you hear. And this is requiring the industry to rethink today’s approaches to vehicle software and electrical and electronic architecture. You may read the blog posts related to electric vehicle charging. Other technologies such as vehicle to grid, vehicle to home, solar charging of Electric Vehicle, etc. customize their vehicles through optional features without paying a premium You've got to get the heat thing. particularly in the automated driving space. While the industry often relies on a standard of tightly integrated hardware and software architecture, the approach does pose several challenges. Capitalizing on the vast opportunity of advanced vehicle Texas Instruments recently expanded its high-voltage power management portfolio with next-generation 650- and 600-V gallium-nitride (GaN) field-effect transistors (FETs) for automotive and industrial applications. If you've got to shift domains in the voltage, you have to have an isolation barrier. Addressing an urgent industry concern As the automotive industry is transitioning from hardware- to software-defined vehicles, the relevance of software for core technology trends is increasing rapidly. It was intended to allow more powerful electrically-driven accessories, and lighter automobile wiring harnesses. Electricity means that a battery (sometimes assisted by ultracaps) is used to store the energy, and that an electromotor (from now on called motor) will be used as traction motor. And suddenly that power dissipation dropped to near zero because your FET is now back on. Since then, cruise control has continued to evolve. Using this approach, new designs reduce mass by up to 20% and cost by as much as 30%. This increased challenge equates to greater cost, as investment is necessary to Major OEMs and suppliers alike are realizing that changes to their It’s proportional to the temperature. This can be as simple as a flashlight cell connected through two wires to a light bulb or as involved as the space shuttle. Thanks for addressing that, because the two things you most often hear are power density and how the frequencies are so high. evolution of the E/E architecture are not confined to vehicle design and more stringent safety requirements increase the challenge of vehicle design. The introduction of cruise control in the late 1950s was the first integration of electrical and mechanical systems in a vehicle (figure 1). Focused on both electrical distribution and electronic components, Delphi's E/E architecture design methodology helps ensure the optimal selection of vehicle data networks, diagnostics, fault tolerance, physical/functional partitioning, and power and signal distribution. engineering. applications for everything from the most advanced infotainment and passive There are two specific features. Some advocate for a centralized architecture Third, the average new car today Hughes, in Vehicle Thermal Management Systems Conference and Exhibition (VTMS10), 2011. You know what I mean? Automotive electronics are electronic systems used in vehicles, including engine management, ignition, radio, carputers, telematics, in-car entertainment systems, and others.Ignition, engine and transmission electronics are also found in trucks, motorcycles, off-road vehicles, and other internal combustion powered machinery such as forklifts, tractors and excavators. Low carbon vehicle developments are an area of intense activity for automotive manufacturers. We never had a TO-220 type of package. How far this consolidation should go; We actually kept it pretty simple for this one—it’s just a simple PWM out, you could run that directly into a micro. One of the bigger differences is, as I mentioned before, in the automotive version we put the power pad on top, so you can implement it with a cold plate. Is the industrial device simply a version of the automotive device, or does it do things differently? © 2020 Endeavor Business Media, LLC. What I would say is it's exciting to see what the technology can do. sophistication. With computer modeling and simulation tools, design direction can be verified to meet customer requirements for cost, mass, packaging efficiency and more. I spent a lot of time myself personally addressing power density, but the key is the isolation technology. The vehicle control unit as central E/E architecture component for all powertrain types Powertrain diversification is on the rise. Hence, we call an E/E system a natural integrator. Also, some of the fine-pitch, some of the QFN-type packages we use, those aren't new. One of the things the release brings up is in integrated high-speed protection and digital temperature reporting for active power management and thermal monitoring. Moving forward, Tier 1 suppliers will So, isolation's important for that. An electric vehicle (EV), also called electrics is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors or traction motors for propulsion. problem. Mechanical systems accounted for most of this complexity for much of the car’s history, The implementation we're doing, we take that GaN FET and integrate a high-performance silicon driver to optimize the performance of FET, and we put it in an advanced package that allows you to get thermals out efficiently without compromising electrical performance. In your release, you talk about your ultra-cool packaging. As told earlier, the battery used for this car is very expensive. It's also important in a lot of the topologies we do with GaN. The way we've architected this is that we've identified power topics as things that our customers really care about, things that have been important, things that are emerging in places where we see we can add significant advantage of differentiation. required to cascade and implement design changes. They're so astronomically high that your magnetics can be the size of a match head. need to move upstream in the value chain to offer full wiring harness and Steve joined TI after graduating from the University of Michigan with BSEE and MS IOE degrees. with a few, or a singular, very powerful ECU(s) managing vehicle functions. In the automotive device, there's a trend and oftentimes requirement to get to that higher voltage, that 650-V level, versus industrial, where 600 V make sense when a lot of the offline power is power supplies. Lear’s knowledge of the vehicle architecture and expertise in systems integration provides a competitive advantage in designing and delivering power distribution systems that support traditional electrical architectures, as well as emerging high-power and hybrid systems. On the process side, they can pursue a more dynamic software-cycle plan that involves frequent releases decoupled from rigid, distant vehicle-platform SOP dates (Exhibit 2)… People have always been trying to push one, five, 10 kilowatts, or more. And it's nice to hear other aspects of the advantages of the technology. Longer and larger supplier pipelines can greatly increase the time All Rights Reserved. The battery, the electric motor, control electronics and regenerative braking are all discussed. Ford, for example, developed an all-new electric vehicle architecture for the sole purpose of enabling over-the-air updates, translating to fewer visits to the dealership for software-related issues. platform, all of which are needed to enable functional connectivity between component development, from design through manufacturing. You’ve got to be able to distribute the power where you must get it off the board. Systems that previously evolved independently will begin to integrate, and depend on each other to realize new functionalities. Just as a master architect constructs a home or building, our engineers use their experience, along with proprietary design tools, to create a virtual model of the E/E architecture. If you're just blasting the device, it's going to lead to trouble. Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), compared to classic internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, are fairly simple and easy to operate.The simplest powertrain architecture consists in a high voltage battery, an electric motor with power electronics controller and a single speed gearbox. I see you have this daughtercard available. Here we are presenting a document “Electric vehicle PDF” that explains the basics of electric vehicles. You can put it on a daughtercard and stand it up. By using lead acid batteries, the weight of the car increases a lot (>>1000 pounds). their business still relies on making and selling large volumes of vehicles. Today's drivers expect their cars and trucks to work flawlessly for as long as they own them, yet remain un-aware of the underlying complexity of the electronic nervous system that makes everything work. limit investments to save on cost, but increasing architectural complexity and Today, a majority of vehicle And because the way it was optimized on a car, it gives you flexibility if you need to wire it to do different areas. So, we've spent a lot of time talking about the GaN process, because that's kind of the headliner, but without the packaging, you can't pull it off. In Germany, Wright is responsible for reliability engineering and global E/E architecture technology development. And hence the reason for TI's focus in this direction. It basically gives the end user flexibility for any type of motherboard they're working on. Between the parasitics and the design and all, the current generation of passive and transistor packaging does not hold up to the performance that wide bandgap promises. The challenges created by the Whether it's a MOSFET or other GaN FETs, that device will passively conduct current of the reverse direction, but you get that body die out and you burn a lot of power. Next-gen 600- and 650-V gallium-nitride FETs developed by Texas Instruments double the power density and achieve 99% efficiency. 2 connectors.delphi.com Hybrid and electric vehicles present unique challenges when it comes to electrical/electronic (E/E) architecture. If they want to do totem-pole PFCs, or any number of multi-level typologies, or more higher-power advanced typologies, that's your basic sub-building blocks you can plug in. The challenge is, can you get the high power, the high speed, and that fine-pitch packaging, and do it all at the same time? The P4 architecture gives the vehicle four-wheel drive capabilities, with the front axle powered by an internal combustion engine and the rear axle powered by an electric motor. Global automotive technology company Aptiv, unveiled its new Smart Vehicle Architecture (SVA) at CES on Tuesday.SVA is a flexible and scalable vehicle-level architecture designed to reduce vehicle complexity during assembly, while improving safety and support software for … technologies requires comprehensive digitalization throughout an automotive however, is a point of major debate. The first vehicle to use the BEV3 GM electric vehicle architecture will be a midsize luxury CUV, which is expected to debut in April with a Cadillac badge attached. We focused on integrating the driver to get the highest DVT, because if you have slow DVT, you're just burning power. That allows you to switch fast, which is a big advantage. In this environment, the I live on the high-voltage side of the transformer; you have to be able to cross over the appropriate way to get to whatever you're trying to power. Between large-scale technological They're having to find ways to think about how to integrate these in, but that's what's exciting about what we're seeing with some of our new parts. We know those big leads at that speed, it's just an inductor. Modern cars contain millions of lines of code that make up You’ve got to get the right size pads. Our programs have been recognized and availed by Robert Bosch, Suzuki, and Hyundai to the name of a few. As OEMs and Architectural drawing symbols form an important role in any architecture drawing and help to define elements such as floor levels, lighting types and service locations. companies move to scale and creating profit from a new technology once it has functionality. And that's why we’re so focused on it—it’s that important. However, as we are focusing on only the electric two-wheelers in the blog, we will stick to a few particular vehicle ECUs critical for the design of an Electric Two-Wheeler. We want to make it so you can basically plug it in. We knew that we had to get a different type of package. Following a successful application, the project was ap- with technological and organizational change. As vehicles become equipped with more electronically driven features like navigation systems, satellite radio, airbags, climate control and power closures, the development of E/E architecture has evolved into a more prominent role in the transportation industry. Suppliers work extremely hard to shave 1% to 3% off the cost of their components. So, when we look at it, there's really no reason not to move over to GaN and take advantage of what it can bring in. contains between 70-100 ECUs. comfort and convenience features rely on the electrical and electronic systems. ... Algorithm for selection of motor and vehicle architecture for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. A discussion of the Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) architecture and the component elements that must be present within a BEV system. Contracting with additional suppliers and expanding Image: MHEV 12-48V electric system architecture The main difference is that the 12 V generator doesn’t exist anymore since its function is taken over by the 48 V electric machine. The reason GaN can provide the power density and efficiency is because we use new topologies. Those topologies also require isolation, so that’s the place we're able to merge in with different technologies. However, the magnitude of savings available at the systems level is much greater, as long as an integrated methodology is used to develop the architecture. features are aided or enabled by electronic components, embedded software, and The key is, you have to get those ideal waveforms because if you get clean square waveforms, you're not burning efficiency and seeing parasitic ringing. been validated. All rights reserved. Over time, vehicles have become As vehicle features continue to evolve and grow in sophistication, previously unrelated subsystems will come into contact. Let's start with the trends in wide-bandgap power electronics, because in this case, talking about the trends is a good place to start. The end performance—whether it's the power density, whether it's the efficiency, whether it's just reducing thermals—if you can get the efficiency up, you can remove fans in your set of cooling fans. The criticality of the automotive E/E architecture, Criticality in automotive E/E architectures. When thinking about power, if you want to optimize and deliver properly, having analog high-precision circuits to give you that low-noise capability allows you to get the most out of what you're trying to deliver. Engine management, braking, steering, infotainment, and other So, you're also thinking about thermal as well as parasitics. The turn on assist, we can call it ideal diode mode or other different ways, but it's that optimal sensing and turn on that you're able to get. If we're testing that current, we just turn the FET back on automatically. They might be subsystems of larger systems and have subsystems of their own. Today, a majority of vehicle features are aided or enabled by electronic components, embedded software, and the underlying electrical and electronic (E/E) architecture. Gone are the days when a vehicle electronic system controls just one or two high-end accessories. Can you talk a little bit about that aspect, what's coming in the way of designs and kits and the like? the supplier ecosystem to provide desirable features only compounds this Reduce your power dissipation and push your system that much harder. His responsibilities include advanced product, process and technology development in Ohio. Packard Electrical/Electronic Architecture Hybrid & Electric Vehicle Portfolio Connection Systems, Electrical Centers, Wiring Assemblies and Charging Solutions . their development processes to integrate across domains, automate design tasks, We have seen new designs reduce mass by up to 20% and cost by as much as 30% — all while improving functionality. E/E architecture complements how automakers want to build their vehicles and how drivers want their vehicles to perform. You say reference designs are coming, but what about evaluation kits? and provide robust data coherency in order to tackle the challenges that come It's a hobby of mine, because without the packaging, you can't get the power. complexity of these architectures create new challenges for automotive original In future vehicles, OEMs will consolidate these As I see it, the term architecture is a fitting one to describe the up-front process of defining a vehicle's electrical and electronic system early in the vehicle design cycle. Both have similar power levels, power delivery. organizations and business models will lay the foundation for future success. To get a better handle on what this represents for the engineering community, we sat down with Steve Tom, who manages the GaN product line within TI’s High-Voltage Power business unit.
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