Summary of Immanuel Kant's Life Essay 1100 Words | 5 Pages. – One’s duty is to follow the Categorical Imperative as not doing so would mean that one acted for one’s own pleasure. This solution is called the ‘categorical imperative’. 908 words (4 pages) Essay. 4. READ kant categorical imperative: its implication in Nigerian ethical order Frankly speaking, “the good will is already good intrinsically and even in its application to the very circumstances of human endeavours, it cannot but remain good.”[5] It will be absurd to view the good will as being corrupted. Science, English, History, Civics, Art, Business, Law, Geography, all free! 2. The first formulation is best described by the following statement, “Act only according to that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law without contradiction. If telling the widow the truth drives her to commit suicide, it seems like no rational being would will the maxim to become a universal law. If we're uncertain, we can work out the answer by reflecting on a general principle that Kant calls the “Categorical Imperative.” This, he claims, is the fundamental principle of morality … Christine Korsgaard summarizes Kant’s position here: “Physical coercion treats someone's person as a tool; lying treats someone's reason as a tool.” 10th Jul 2018 Criminology Reference this Disclaimer: This work has been submitted by a university student. Consequently, according to Kant, M1 is a moral action. The categorical imperative was one of Kant’s most celebrated ideas, but has also turned out to be one of his most controversial. In order to answer this question, one must use the rational “I” for the statement “I, as a rational being would will such a world,” not the specific, embodied “I” which represents you in your present condition. Kant's Categorical Imperative The categorical imperative is the central philosophical concept in the deontological moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Science Teacher and Lover of Essays. In fact, utilitarianism considers happiness to be the only intrinsically valuable end. Likewise it is impossible to judge whether upon hearing the news, the widow would commit suicide. Like his predecessors, Kant insisted that actions resulting from desires cannot be free. Once it is clear that the maxim passes both prongs of the test, there are no exceptions. A lie would only serve to spare her feelings if she believed it to be the truth. A categorical imperative holds without exception, unlike a hypothetical imperative (which applies only to those situations that fulfill the hypothetical imperative’s condition. For other reasons too, Kant is part of the tradition deriving from both Spinoza and Rousseau. In order to understand the categorical imperative theory, the definition of a maxim must be understood. Kants Categorical Imperative Summary and AnalysisExplain and handle Kants categorical imperative. https://www.britannica.com/topic/categorical-imperative. Kant’s Categorical Imperative: Summary &… Kantian philosophy outlines the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative as a method for determining morality of actions. Summary. Read More. The Golden Rule Around the World . The categorical imperative is an idea that the philosopher Immanuel Kant had about ethics. This article will substantiate that discourse ethics develops a dialogical version of the categorical imperative, and will make this explicit. The suicide has no bearing, at least for the Categorical Imperative, on whether telling the truth is moral or not. Unlike Kantian philosophy, one is not bound by an immutable universal law. Even if it does pass the first test, narrowing down maxim can create other problems. Kant holds that our moral duties are driven by categorical … In Section 2 Kant works to clarify what makes an action necessary. For instance circumstances may change and the people who were originally included in the universal law, may not be included anymore. 3 pages, 1016 words. He then begins with a series of identifications to answer how the moral law possibly gives a pure abstract form of a moral law that will ask if it is really moral. The maxim of a hypothetical imperative would assert, “do such-and-such Kants Categorical Imperative: Summary and Analysis Explain and discuss Kants categorical imperative. The concept of the categorical imperative is a syllogism. Free proofreading and copy-editing included. Consequently there is no vacillating in individual cases to determine whether an action is moral or not. Kant is trapped in his own rigid logic. Kants Deontological Ethics The German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), called by many the greatest of modern philosophers, was the preeminent defender of deontological (duty) ethics. Summary of Kants categorical imperative Essay Example for Free The conception of an objective principle, in so far as it is obligatory for a will, is called a command (of reason), and the formula of the command is called an imperative. According to Kant, human beings occupy a special place in By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Categorical Imperatives in Kantian Ethics. Kant's Categorical Imperative - Summary, Explanation and Review The fundamental principle of morality in Kantian ethics is the categorical imperative , which is: Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law. In testing this part, you must decide whether in every case, a rational being would believe that the morally correct action is to tell the truth. Er ist im System Immanuel Kants das grundlegende Prinzip der Ethik. This thought is of universal importance. Categorical Vs Hypothetical
The Categorical imperative is to act for the sake of duty only. If the company were living in idleness, only the well-being, all this would lead to a regression of society. Tutor and Freelance Writer. Morality is based on consequences. Kant's primary purpose in writing the Groundwork was to “seek out and establish” the ultimate principle of morality – to formulate that principle and to show that we are bound by it. He contrasts this with the “hypothetical imperative,” which would demand that we act to achieve certain ends. The categorical imperative is clear and concise, but it has a serious problem: a lot of people argue that it doesn’t actually tell us anything about morality. Thus, the categorical imperative requires each individual to develop the best of their abilities. In Kant, only the Kantian philosophy outlines the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative as a method for determining morality of actions. Hypothetical imperatives are independent of morality. This is not an example of the work produced by our Essay Writing Service. First, one creates a maxim and considers whether the maxim could be a universal law for all rational beings. 9.3 The Categorical Imperative. 178: T H E for MULA of Auto No My 1 Formula III . a) Explain with examples Kant’s theory of Categorical Imperative Kantian ethics is a deontological, absolute theory proposed by Immanuel Kant in the late 1700’s.Kant taught that an action could only count as the action of a good will if it satisfied the test of the Categorical Imperative.The categorical imperative is based around the idea to act solely for the sake of duty. This section takes up the results of the analyses in Section 2.There, Kant derived from an analysis of the common conception of duty the definition that "duty is the necessity of an action from respect for the law." Kant’s solution, although as interpreted by Kant is sometimes overly extreme, is much better than utilitarianism. 3. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Help support true facts by becoming a member. Catholic Encyclopedia. Like Kant’s categorical imperative, Habermas’ principle of universalization specifies a rule for impartial testing of norms for their moral worthiness. Filed Under: Essays. I agree with the morality based on Kantian principles because it is strict in its application of moral conduct. It asks us to imagine a kingdom which consists of only those people who act on CI-1. Categorical imperative, in the ethics of the 18th-century German philosopher Immanuel Kant, founder of critical philosophy, a rule of conduct that is unconditional or absolute for all agents, the validity or claim of which does not depend on any desire or end. This leads to a logical contradiction because no one will believe a lie if they know it a lie and the maxim fails. The first formulation of the categorical imperative says: “Always act so that you may also wish that the maxim of your action become a universal law.” This is to ask every time we act if we can reasonably and without wanting to contradict that everyone acts … Britannica Kids Holiday Bundle! Kant's improvement on the golden rule, the Categorical Imperative: Act as you would want all other people to act towards all other people. Unfortunately for this line of objection, the only reason a lie works is because the person being lied to believes it to be the truth. Imagine you’re in … A categorical imperative applies to moral agents independently of facts about their own goals, and desires; it prescribes nothing other than “obey the law!” The essenti… Only the latter is the concern of this article. As stated, the principle is merely formal and without content. The final formulation of the Categorical Imperative is a combination of CI-1 and CI-2. Since categorical imperatives apply to rational agents without regard to their particular ends and purposes, they cannot be explained in terms of what a person has self-interested reason to do. This … In a situation where every widow is lied to in order to spare her feelings, then they never get the truth. Summary. He introduces the categorical imperative. Ethics - Ethics - Kant: Interestingly, Kant acknowledged that he had despised the ignorant masses until he read Rousseau and came to appreciate the worth that exists in every human being. 2. He rose at 4 a.m., studied, taught, read, and wrote the rest of the day. Compare the categorical imperative, as an abstract formulation of the moral law, to the distributive law in mathematics. The problem with this approach is that morality loses any value as a universal or intrinsic quality. Topics: Morality, Immanuel Kant, Categorical imperative Pages: 5 (1810 words) Published: October 23, 2013. Kant specified that moral actions are absolute actions that must be done in all circumstances - there are to be no conditions attached. It is an imperative. That is, there exists some basis for … The second requirement is that a rational being would will this maxim to become a universal law. The Categorical Imperative in the Twentieth Century . Formula of Autonomy: manipulating … We can easily imagine a world in which paramedics always answer widows truthfully when queried. Kant’s Categorical Imperative Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher remembered for his influence on ethics. This law states: a(b+c) = ab + ac. Outras edições - Visualizar todos. He lived such an austere and regimented life that the people of his town were reported to have set their clocks by the punctuality of his walks. It is fine if they enjoy doing it, but it must be the case that they would do it even if they did not enjoy it. Kant argues that moral obligations are categorical imperatives. An example of this type of imperative is ‘Thou shalt not lie”. From this analysis Kant derives the formulations of the categorical imperative. 7/21/2016 Kant's Deontology Summary Flashcards | Quizlet 1/6 Kant's Deontology Summary 13 terms by niki_girl THE CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE; An unconditional command which tells us our duty by pointing to actions which are good in themselves. Second, one determines whether rational beings would will it to be a universal law. Kant said an imperative is "categorical," when it is true at all times, and in all situations. We will have done our duty. Essentially this helps us to know what actions are our duty and which are forbidden Kant argued that morality was prescriptive. The categorical imperative (German: kategorischer Imperativ) is the central philosophical concept in the deontological moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative “Act only on the maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law” (Groundwork,222) was said by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant. Cite this article as: William Anderson (Schoolworkhelper Editorial Team), "Kant’s Categorical Imperative: Summary & Analysis," in, Kant’s Categorical Imperative: Summary &…, https://schoolworkhelper.net/kants-categorical-imperative-summary-analysis/, D. L. Rosenhan’s On Being Sane in Insane Places: Summary & Analysis, Plato’s “The Republic”: Summary & Analysis, The Promise of Sociology Summary & Analysis, Descartes’ Proof Of The Existence Of God: Summary & Analysis, Descartes’ Wax Passage: Summary & Analysis, “On the Sidewalk, Bleeding”: Analysis & Theme, “Mid Term Break”: Poem Analysis & Summary, Hiro Murai’s “Guava Island”: Film Analysis, Alice Dunbar Nelson: Poet, Essayist and Activist, Impact of Globalization- Gini Coefficient, Themes in William Shakespeare’s Sonnet 19. The categorical imperative can be basically defined as “Always act so that you can will the rule of your action to be a universal law.” It is ‘categorical’ because it is not ‘hypothetical’ or ‘contingent’ on anything, but is always and everywhere ‘universal’. For An Action To Be Good - Kant's Five Rules. According to Kant, human beings occupy a special place in 280: Direitos autorais. 1.The first premise is that a person acts morally if his or her conduct would, without condition, be the “right” conduct for any person in similar circumstances (the “First Maxim”). The morality of telling the lie is on a case by case basis. 250: ... 131 . No one would argue that telling the truth, if she asks for it, is an immoral thing to do. Kant's Categorical Imperative: Summary and Analysis. What if telling the truth brings the widow to the point where she commits suicide, however? Act according to the maxim that you would wish all other rational people to follow, as if it were a universal law. Categorical Imperative: all actions are moral and "good" if performed as a duty. An action is moral in itself not because of its consequences but because any rational being wills it to be a universal law and it does not contradict itself. They never act on a maxim which cannot become a universal law. The categorical imperative functions similarly in the moral domain.
Whereas the hypothetical imperative is acting in order to receive some kind of reward.
Kant argues that the categorical imperative is the only good way to act. Nature of the concept. If you create a maxim about lying to widows that is specific enough to pass the first test, so can everyone else. The concepts of good will, moral duty, summum bonnum and the five rules of Kant's universal maxims alongside a brief discussion on how Kant's theory could be applied to the modern ethical issue of genetic engineering. First, one creates a maxim and considers whether the maxim could be a … He was an acco… The categorical imperative is not subject to any special conditions and is therefore still valid whatever the circumstances. Imperatives , as described by Kant occur in either of two distinct forms, hypothetical or categorical… The Categorical Imperative (NOTE: ... Kant in his Critique of Practical Reason wanted to find a basis for ethics that would be based on reason and not on a faith in a god or in some cold calculation of utility that might permit people to be used for the benefit of the majority. One must ask if rational beings would really will such a world in which there would be many, many specific, but universal, laws. The Categorical Imperative. For example: if a person wants to stop being thirsty, it is imperative that they have a drink. Telling a lie to the widow would increase her happiness and consequently would, at least possibly, be a moral action. Therefore, I consider Kant’s Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative to be a better test of morality than Mill’s Utilitarianism. This picture of morality resonates with my common sense view of morality. Earlier we considered the basic distinction between conditional and unconditional claims. The overall theme is that to be a good person you must be good for goodness sake. ... Summary: According to Kant a good person is someone who always does their duty because it is their duty. That does not necessarily mean that it will pass the second test however. (You can find a more detailed summary of Kant’s ethics here.) Immanuel Kant, German philosopher, has written a very abundant philosophy, among: – Critique of Pure Reason (first edition 1781, 2nd edition, 1787) – Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics (1783) – Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals (1785) – Critique of Practical Reason (1788) The imperative prescribes action that are rationally consistent. Still, the morality is based on constantly changing and often unpredictable consequences. I think that it is sometimes supposed that Kant's claim that the categorical imperative is a principle of reason rests squarely on the Formula of Universal Law – i.e., on that formula's “formality.” Formula of Universal Law: actions must apply to everyone and always result in good. Consequently you many not want to will your maxim to be a universal law. Instead one must judge in each case which action will produce the most overall happiness. Kant’s Philosophy: Metaphysic, Aesthetic and Ethics. Although utilitarianism often offers the easier solution to perform because it produces immediate gratification and allows many exceptions to common sense moral codes, the answers it gives are unfilling and unrealistic. Article last reviewed: 2019 | St. Rosemary Institution © 2010-2020 | Creative Commons 4.0. Ethics is the philosophical study of moral actions. In Kant, only the categorical imperative is moral. Kant holds that our moral duties are driven by categorical imperatives. If we as rational agents, have any morality at all Kant says, it takes the form of rational, categorical imperatives (commands of reason) and is found a priori excluding all interests and desires. Conditional claims are claims about what is right or true that may or may not hold. To read Kant’s thinking on this way of construing ethics (a branch of philosophy seeking to answer the question, “How then ought we to live together as human beings?”) see his 1785 book Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals . As a paramedic faced with a distraught widow who asks whether her late husband suffered in his accidental death, you must decide which maxim to create and based on the test which action to perform.eval(ez_write_tag([[320,50],'schoolworkhelper_net-box-3','ezslot_0',186,'0','0']));eval(ez_write_tag([[320,50],'schoolworkhelper_net-box-3','ezslot_1',186,'0','1'])); Let us do your homework! So how is Kant going to try to defend the claim that we have strict, unconditional duties to each other? For example, a student studies to get good grades. M1 succeeds in passing the first stage. This formula is a two part test. Categorical Imperative, 201 3) That being stated, categorical imperative requires that one only act if he or she would have that action become a universal law. It resonates with my moral sensibilities to consider that actions are moral or immoral regardless of their immediate consequences. Summary of Kants categorical imperative 2. (Categorical) Morality and rational demands apply to the maxims that motivate actions. Furthermore, it is difficult, if not impossible, to make all of the required calculations beforehand. In summary, the main point, which Kant wishes to make, is that: The basis of obligation must not be sought in human nature or in circumstances of the world in which he (man) is placed, but, a priori simply in the concepts of pure reason. If we act in this way, we may not be happy, but we will be moral. Summary of Kants categorical imperative . The requirement that one consider all of the consequences of an action and determine the best possible action through such calculations makes me reject utilitarianism as a method of determining morality. We give it content by putting numbers into the equation. Tuesday, August 25, 2020. Kant’s Categorical Imperative Kant’s Categorical Imperative is made up of two formulations, Formula of Universal Law and The Formula of the End in Itself. According to Kant, however, in most situations are duty is obvious. Immanuel Kant was acutely aware of living in an age when philosophy would need to supplant the role once played by religion. Although this is the general definition of this ethical theory, the Categorical Imperative” exists in two above formulations, A strict . Leading 20 th century proponent of Kantianism: Professor Elizabeth Anscombe (1920-2001). Your online site for school work help and homework help. Accordingly, the maxim passes the second test. By asking she has already decided, good or bad, that she must know the truth. Regardless of what the widow does with the information, the act of telling her the truth, is a moral one. The Third Formulation of the Categorical Imperative and Summary. The Categorical Imperative: A Study in Kant's Moral Philosophy Herbert James Paton Visualização de trechos - 1946. This would mean that one is misusing reason – being irrational. Categorical imperative gives us rules that apply to everyone and command us to respect human life; It makes clear that morality is doing one's duty and not just following feelings. The Categorical Imperative is NOT the Golden Rule. 7/21/2016 Kant's Deontology Summary Flashcards | Quizlet 1/6 Kant's Deontology Summary 13 terms by niki_girl THE CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE; An unconditional command which tells us our duty by pointing to actions which are good in themselves. Lying is a violation of the categorical imperative requiring us to always treat humanity as an end and not a means. Introduced in Kant's 1785 Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, it may be defined as a way of evaluating motivations for action. In such a kingdom people would treat people as ends, because CI-2 passes CI-1. In some situations, it might be better to tell the truth, and according to utilitarianism that would then be the moral action. Hypothetical imperatives are independent of morality. First, Kant presupposes that there is a moral law. Therefore, this maxim is logical and everyone can abide by it without causing a logical impossibility. Formula of Humanity as an End: never treat anyone as a means to an end, or employ ideas like inclination or your own benefit to actions. Summary Immanuel Kant - “The moral law” First, Kant presupposes that there is a moral law. Summary of Kants categorical imperative First, Kant presupposes that there is a moral law. The initial stage of the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative requires that a maxim be universally applicable to all rational beings. The next logical step is to apply the second stage of the test. Granted it is a possibility, but there are a multitude of alternative choices that she could make and it is impossible to predict each one. Thus, Kant Kant holds that the fundamental principle at the basis of all of our moral duties is a categorical imperative. It is Introduced in Kant's 1785 Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals. Every decision is made on an individual basis in an individual and specific situation. It is Introduced in Kant's 1785 Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals. Kant calls it a “categorical imperative” that we must act in such a way that we could will the maxim according to which we act to be a universal law. The “Categorical Imperative” is a proposed universal law in stating all humans are forbidden from certain actions regardless of consequences. Conversely, some people might argue that in telling the widow a lie, you spare her years of torment and suffering. For example, the maxim could read, “When facing a distraught widow whose late husband has driven off a bridge at night, and he struggled to get out of the car but ended up drowning, and he was wearing a brown suit and brown loafers, then you should tell the widow that he died instantly in order to spare her feelings.” We can easily imagine a world in which all paramedics lied to widows in this specific situation. if I want X I must do Y) because they become too subjective. That is, there exists some basis for morality beyond subjective description of it. The This is different than the other type of imperative introduced by Kant, the Hypothetical Imperative. Born in 1724, Kant published his first major work late in his life, at the age of fifty-seven. Sometimes moral actions are difficult, and perhaps in this situation it would be easier to lie to the widow, but it would still be an immoral action that I would not want everyone to do. Essentially this helps us to know what actions are our duty and which are forbidden Kant argued that morality was prescriptive. For example, if I can show that not to lie is a must then I will always respect it, whatever the circumstances, even if such a murderer wonder where lies my friend. Professor Miller guides you through simple steps to understanding the Categorical Imperative. A genuinely moral imperative would not be contingent on wants, desires, or needs, and this is what is meant by a categorical imperative. The categorical imperative (German: kategorischer Imperativ) is the central philosophical concept in the deontological moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant.Introduced in Kant's 1785 Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, it may be defined as a way of evaluating motivations for action.. Kant said that an "imperative" is something that a person must do. A hypothetical imperative is a moral obligation applicable only in pursuit of a predetermined goal. To decide whether rational being would will a maxim to become a law, the maxim itself must be examined rationally and not its consequences. The rules are categorical as they are universally applicable, to every person, in every situation, regardless of their personal goals and inhibitions. Therefore, even people who would consider lying to her, must concede that the correct and expected action is to tell the truth. Perhaps the die-hard liar can regroup and test a narrower maxim. If it is narrow enough so that it encompasses only a few people, then it passes the first test. Certainly, a universal law that prevents the feelings of people who are already in pain from being hurt further seems like an excellent universal law. The difference is this. With the Golden rule you are to: Act as you would have others act towards you. Utilitarianism outlines that an action is moral if it increases the total happiness of society. Defenders of utilitarianism claim that it maintains universality by considering the greatest happiness of all beings, rather than just individual happiness. This formula is a two part test. Philosophy Pages on Kant . The suicide is, however, a consequence of your initial action. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Is telling her the truth then a moral action although its consequence is this terrible response? It is the moral law and in fact none exists even if only one can receive several formulations. Moral actions cannot be hypothetical (based on something else - e.g. (Categorical) Categorical Imperatives: These command unconditionally. Consequently, in the FoundationsKant called the ultimate moral norm the “Categorical Imperative.” There is and can be but one such ultimate norm (421), but Kant offered three different versions or formulas, each with its own particular emphasis. Der kategorische Imperativ (im Folgenden kurz KI) lautet in seiner Grundform: Handle nur nach derjenigen Maxime, durch die du zugleich wollen kannst, dass sie ein allgemeines Gesetz werde. Utilitarianism would differ on this point. Immanuel Kant and the Categorical Imperative explained. These supporters of “white lies” feel the maxim should read, “When facing a distraught widow, you should lie in regards to the death of her late husband in order to spare her feelings.” Applying the first part of the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative, it appears that this maxim is a moral act. Professional writers in all subject areas are available and will meet your assignment deadline. In short, we act ethically if we freely conform our will to the moral law which it understands as the categorical imperative. 1. A maxim, according to Kant, is a principle or rule that an individual uses when making a decision to act. Summary . I am willing to accept that sometimes the moral action is harder to perform, but I am unwilling to accept that morality rests within the specifics of a situation and the possible consequences. Kant's Categorical Imperative The categorical imperative is the central philosophical concept in the deontological moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Kant's Categorical Imperative - Summary, Explanation and Review The fundamental principle of morality in Kantian ethics is the categorical imperative , which is: Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law. They are imperative because a human being may be inclined to not adhere to a moral code … Utilitarianism would also take into account the precedent set by lying; however, the analysis still rests on predicted consequence rather than on the action’s intrinsic moral value. 180: ... Kants Additional Argument . NOW 50% OFF! In Kants summary the categorical imperative will always help guide and lead you to doing the right thing if you follow the categorical imperative. Summary: An individual must, according to his means social, economic, to fully develop their talents. Likewise, if one person can make these maxims that include only a select group of people, so can everyone else. The Categorical imperative states that you should act only in a way that you can will the maxim of your action as a law. A hypothetical imperative is a moral obligation applicable only in pursuit of a predetermined goal. Is the picture of William Shakespeare, instead of Immanuel Kant? It is understandable, then, that he devotes more space in that book to the Categorical Imperative … For example, a student studies to get good grades. First, it is clear that the widow expects to know the truth. German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) was an opponent of utilitarianism. My personal position on Kant’s idea of the categorical and hypothetical imperatives is split because I agree with some of the things that he says but I also disagree with some of the things he says. KANTIAN ETHICS . Er gebietet allen endlichen vernunftbegabten Wesen und damit allen Menschen, ihre Handlungen darauf zu prüfen, ob sie einer für alle, jederzeit und ohne Ausnahme geltenden Maxime folgen und ob dabei das Recht aller betroffenen … 279: 1 . On the other hand, the categorical imperative is an objectively necessary means to an end in itself, and the action to obtain the end, must have moral worth. If the widow subsequently commits suicide or commits any other immoral act as a consequence, that has no bearing on the morality of the original action in itself. There are two particular ways of thinking regarding ethics: consequentialism and deontology. Kant’s Categorical Imperative. Kantianism, either the system of thought contained in the writings of the epoch-making 18th-century philosopher Immanuel Kant or those later philosophies that arose from the study of Kant’s writings and drew their inspiration from his principles. You must consider that you could be the widow in the situation rather than the paramedic, then decide whether you would will such a universal law. The maxim “when answering a widow’s inquiry as to the nature and duration of her late husband’s death, one should always tell the truth regarding the nature of her late husband’s death” (M1) passes both parts of the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative. Kant attempts to derive our moral duties from the very concept of a moral rule or moral obligation.

kant's categorical imperative summary

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